Reform Pressures (Eastern Enlargement and WTO):
Enlargement: Eastern European countries had large agricultural sectors, and their accession to the EU threatened to further increase the costs of the CAP.
WTO: Free trade negotiations under the auspices of the World Trade Organization (WTO) were putting international pressure on the EU to reduce agricultural subsidies.
0000 Reforms and Redefinition: As a result of this pressure, significant cuts were made to some products in 0000, and the concept of 'multifunctionality' (social and environmental dimensions) was added to the CAP. This was the first step in viewing the CAP not only as agriculture but also as "rural policy".